Glossary of Dental Morphology - Axial Contours, Proximal Contacts Embrasures and Primary Dentition

Each tooth contacts adjacent teeth on both of its proximal surfaces except
Third Molars

Generally contact areas are more facially/distally located
facially

The proximal contact that involves the mesial of 2 different teeth is found wheret
between both max and mand central incisors

Proximal contacts lend support to what aspect of the dental arch
entire dental arch

give the incisocervical location of the max and mand cent, lateral and canines
IJ, JM, JM
II, II, IM

What is the name of the gentle curve formed if you connect the proximal contacts of the posterior teeth in 1 quadrant
Curve of Spee

The lingual inclination of the mand post teeth and the buccal inclination of the maxillary teeth for what curve
Curve of Wilson

MM, MM, MM, MM, M - maxillary
MM, MM, MM, MM, M - mandibular

Summarize the contacts of an entire quadrant with respect to occluso/inciso cervical location
IJ, JM, JM, MM, MM, MM, MM, M - maxillary
II, II, IM MM, MM, MM,MM, M - mandibular

What are the general rules in regards to the proximal contact incis/occlusocervical relation of the teeth in a quadrant
1. The more anterio the tooth, the more incisal/occlussal the proximal contact is

2. For any tooth, the mesial contact area is always more toward the incisal/occlusal surface than the distal

The interdental papilla generally has what shape
triangular

(PS- In 3D view, Pyramidal shape for Anterior teeth and Tent shaped for Posterior teeth, Added by Kumar Anshul)

In healthy mouths the saggy tentlike area of tissue in the interproximal area is called
Col

What are the 3 types of embrasures
Incisal/occlusal, lingual, and facial

IN CLASS WILSON SPOKE OF A FOURTH CALLED THE GINGIVAL WHICH IS OPPOSITE THE INCISAL/OCCLUSAL

What provides a natural spillway to help move food out of the occlusal area during chewing
Embrasure - they also help expose teeth to oral fluids and mechanical cleansing action of tongue, lips and cheeks

Besides facial and lingual embrasures being confluent(indistinguishable) from the interdental area, it is also confluent with what other structure
The occlusal/incisal embrasure

In the anterior teeth, the lingual and facial embrasures are roughly _________ and the posterior teeth embrasures have facial embrasures that are __________ compared to the lingual ones
equal in depth, shallower

An imaginary line circling the tooth at its greatest bulger or circumference is called
Height of Contour

The proximal contacts lie which direction of the HOC
On the HOC

The facial and lingual contacts are best seen from what view of a tooth
proximal

Where are anterior teeth have facial and lingual HOC's usually located incisocervically where
cervical 1/3 of crown

Where are the lingual HOCs of all posterior teeth located
Middle 1/3

Where are the facial HOCs of all posterior teeth
Cervical 1/3

All max teeth exhibit facial and lingual contours that meausre how big
1/2 mm

what is the measurement of the HOCs for sll the mand anterior teeth
< 1/2 mm

what is the measurement of the facial HOCs for the mand posteriors
1/2 same as that for max posteriors

What is the measure of the lingual HOCs on the mand posteriors
1mm

the flat line from the cervical line to HOC is called?
emergence profile

What kind of emergence profile can give a halo effect around the tooth gingiva
Convex Emergence Profile

What are the functions of the embrasures and proximal contacts working together
Support arch, move food out of occlusal area which also prevents food impaction, protect the peridontium, distribute forces of masitcation

Is the gingival or incisal/occlusal embrasure always larger
gingival

As you move from the centerline of the arch posteriorly, which embrasure gets smaller and which gets larger, Incisal/Occlusal or Gingival
Gingival gets smaller, incisal gets larger

The proximal surface of a tooth is always _______ or ________ but never ________ below the contact area
concave, flat, but never convex

what is the only tooth that has a mesial concavity
max 1st premolar

Where is the contact on ant teeth located faciolingually
closed to middle more facial if its not

Which facial cusps are slightly more centered than the other, mandibular or maxillary
Mandibular facial cusps are generally more centered

If you restore a tooth and the embrasure spaces are too small what can happen
you empenge on the interdental papilla and can cause inflammation

T or F permanent dentition has thicker enamel and dentin than the primary dentition
T

Which dentiton has more pronounced pulp horns, primary or permanent
Primary

Does the primary or permanent dentition have longer roots in relation to the crown size
primary

T or F the roots in posterior primary teeth do not tend to flare that much
F, they flare out alot more

Where does the permanent tooth root bud tend to sit in relation to the primary tooth
It sits in between the area that is formed by the 'flaring" out of the roots

T or F primary teeth are more prone to inflammation due to high number of cell turnovers
F, although they have a more bulbous apperance which would tend to cause inflamation the high turnover limits inflammation

What permanent tooth do the primary 2nd molars resemble
permanent 1st molars

Which primary tooth has a distinctive mesial-facial bulge
Primary 1st molars

When a primary tooth exfoliates normally, what is a characteristic of its root
usually theres no root because it is resorbed which enables tooth to fall out

T or F the primary teeth dont act like space maintainers for the permanent teeth
F

Primary teeth tend to appear more bulbous than permanent teeth due to what

Constriction at the CEJ

Which dentition has smaller facial and lingual HOCs, the permanent or primary
permanent have smaller HOC
HOCs on primary teeth sometimes called cervical or gingival ridge

Which central incisors usually preced the others in eruption in the primary dentition
the mandibs usually erupt before maxillary

What cause the primary teeth to appear to be whiter than permanent teeth
less dense dentin, remember dentin gives tooth yellow/brownish color

The primary maxillary central incisor is wider in which direction mesiodistally or incisocervicaly
mesiodistally, this is disimilar to the permanent dentition.

This wider mesiodistal characteristic is true for all anterior teeth in the primary dentition

The primary max central has how many lobes and pulp horns
4 lobes, 3 horns

Which of the two max incisors which is wider mesiodistally
Central is wider than lateral

Which primary max incisor has the more prominent cingulum
Central, but the lateral has more prominent marginal ridges

When looking at a proximal view of the primary ant teeth, they tend to have their incisal edges what in relation to the longitudinal axis of the too
They tend to have incisal edge centered on the longitudinal axis. This is opposite of the permanent ant teeth

On the primary mand incisors is the lingual anatomy less/more distinct than that of the primary max incisors
less distinct on primary mand incisors

Which tooth has the great incisocervical lenght, the primary mand lateral or central
lateral is longer and slightly wider too

Which primar mand incisor has a longer root
the lateral has longer root than central

Which cusp ridge is longest on the primar max canine
the mesial

NOTE on the primary mand the distal cusp ridge is longer

What are the 3 horns of the primary max canine named
distal, central(largest), mesial(smallest)

Which primary canine is wider mesiodistally
maxillary

What is the general outline of the primary max 1st molar
triangular

how many cusps does the more common form of the primary max 1st molar have
Generally 3(lacks distolingual) but can have 4

On 4 cusp version distolingual is smalles cusp

T or F the oblique ridge found in max molars of the permanent dentition is also found on primary max molars

T however on the 3 cusped version the oblique ridge blends with the distal marginal ridge (oblique ridge runs from DF to ML cusps)

Which cusp is largest and longest of the 2 facial cusps on primary max 1st molar
Mesiofacial

Which cusp on the primary max 1st molar is the largest overall
mesiolingual

Whats is the name of the groove that separates the mesiolingual and distolingual cusp(if present) on primary max 1st molar
distolingual groove

T or F  Which  primary max 1st molar has the same number and arrangement of cusps as does the permanent max 1st molar
T, the names are the distofacial, lingual, mesiofacial roots

The size of the 3 roots on primary max 1st molar are from biggest to littlest
lingual, mesiofacial, distofacial

The primary 2nd max molar resembles which permanent tooth
permanent max 1st molar, it is rhomboid shaped occlusally and the facioingual measurement is greater than the mesiodistal measurement

which primary max molar is largest
2nd

how many cusps does the primary max 2nd molar generally have
generally 4 but can have 5th(cusp of carabelli)

Which of the 4 primary cusps on the primary max 2nd molar are widest and smallest
ML is largest, DL is smallest

The longest cusp on the primary max 2nd molar is the
ML, the other 3 are roughly equal length

How many roots and pulp horns does the primary max 2nd molar have
3 roots, and either 4 or 5 horns depending on number of cusps

What is the relationship of the faciolingual measurement of the primary mand 1st molar that makes it different
its very small measurement in faciolingual direction

on the primary mand 1st molar describe the cusp tips size relationships
both the lingual and facial mesial cusps are wider/longer than their distal counterparts

NOTE mesiofacial cusp slightly larger than mesiolingual

T or F the primary max molarss have a transverse ridge across the occlusal surface while the primary mand 1st molar has an oblique ridge on its occlusal surface

F, the maxillaries have oblique ridge and mand 1st has transverse ridge

How many roots do the primary mand 1st molars have
2 just like the permanent mand molars
mesial and distal, mesial is bigger and usually has 2 canals

The primary mand 2nd molar closely resembles what permanent tooth
mand 1st molar
difference is that primary 2nd has more bulbous appearance and is smaller relative size

The primary mand 2nd molar is distinguished by its mesiodistal measurement being what
greater than its faciolingual measurement

How many cusps does the primary mand 2nd molar have
5, the DF is the longest

How do the lingual cusps of the primary 2nd molar compare to each other as far as size goes
pretty equal

What cusps is the facial pit of the primary mand 2nd molar located between
MF and DF

Which primary mand molar has the larger roots
2nd has larger roots

How many canals are in the mesial root of the primary mand molars usually

2

By Jamshid Mubarak